Mesa の概要
Mesa は OpenGL 互換の 3D
グラフィックライブラリです。
![[注記]](../images/note.png)
注記
Mesa は頻繁に更新されています。 mesa の最新バージョン
23.3.x があれば、それを利用することもできます。
注記
LFS や依存パッケージが本ブックに示す最新安定バージョンでなかった場合には、BLFS
開発版においては、パッケージのビルドや処理実行が適切に行われないことがあります。
パッケージ情報
追加のダウンロード
Mesa の依存パッケージ
必須
Xorg
ライブラリ, libdrm-2.4.118, Mako-1.3.0
推奨
Glslang-13.1.1 (required for Vulkan support),
libva-2.20.0 (to provide VA-API support for some
gallium drivers, note that there is a circular dependency. You must
build libva first without EGL and
GLX support, install this package, and rebuild libva), libvdpau-1.5
(to build VDPAU drivers), LLVM-17.0.6
(required for Gallium3D, nouveau, and radeonsi drivers and for
swrast, the software rasterizer which is sometimes referred to as
llvmpipe. See https://docs.mesa3d.org/systems.html
for more information), wayland-protocols-1.32 (required for
Plasma-5.27.10, GNOME, and recommended for
GTK+-3.24.38), and Vulkan-Loader-1.3.273 (required for
Vulkan support)
任意
libgcrypt-1.10.3, libunwind-1.6.2, lm-sensors-3-6-0 , Nettle-3.9.1,
Valgrind-3.22.0, mesa-demos (provides more
than 300 extra demos to test Mesa;
this includes the same programs added by the patch above),
Bellagio
OpenMAX Integration Layer (for mobile platforms), and
libtizonia,
Kernel Configuration
Enable the following options in the kernel configuration and
recompile the kernel if necessary:
Device Drivers --->
Graphics support --->
<*/M> Direct Rendering Manager (XFree86 4.1.0 and higher DRI support) --->
... [DRM]
# For r300 or r600:
< /*/M> ATI Radeon [DRM_RADEON]
# For radeonsi:
< /*/M> AMD GPU [DRM_AMDGPU]
[*] Enable amdgpu support for SI parts [DRM_AMDGPU_SI]
[*] Enable amdgpu support for CIK parts [DRM_AMDGPU_CIK]
Display Engine Configuration --->
[*] AMD DC - Enable new display engine [DRM_AMD_DC]
# For nouveau:
< /*/M> Nouveau (NVIDIA) cards [DRM_NOUVEAU]
# For i915, crocus, or iris:
< /*/M> Intel 8xx/9xx/G3x/G4x/HD Graphics [DRM_I915]
# For swrast:
< /*/M> Virtual GEM provider [DRM_VGEM]
# For svga:
< /*/M> DRM driver for VMware Virtual GPU [DRM_VMWGFX]
注記
The corresponding Mesa Gallium3D driver name is provided as the
comment for the configuration entries. If you don't know the name
of the Mesa Gallium3D driver for your GPU, see Mesa Gallium3D Drivers
below.
CONFIG_DRM_RADEON, CONFIG_DRM_AMDGPU, CONFIG_DRM_NOUVEAU, and CONFIG_DRM_I915 may require firmware. See
About Firmware for details.
Selecting CONFIG_DRM_RADEON or
CONFIG_DRM_AMDGPU as 「y」 is not recommended. If it is,
any required firmware must be built as a part of the kernel image
or the initramfs for the driver to function correctly.
The sub-entries under CONFIG_DRM_AMDGPU are used to ensure the AMDGPU
kernel driver supports all GPUs using the radeonsi driver. They are not needed if you
won't need CONFIG_DRM_AMDGPU itself.
They may be unneeded for some GPU models.
For swrast, CONFIG_DRM_VGEM is not strictly needed but
recommended as an optimization.
Mesa のインストール
If you have downloaded the xdemos patch (needed if testing the Xorg
installation per BLFS instructions), apply it by running the
following command:
patch -Np1 -i ../mesa-add_xdemos-2.patch
以下のコマンドを実行して Mesa をビルドします。
mkdir build &&
cd build &&
meson setup \
--prefix=$XORG_PREFIX \
--buildtype=release \
-Dplatforms=x11,wayland \
-Dgallium-drivers=auto \
-Dvulkan-drivers=auto \
-Dvalgrind=disabled \
-Dlibunwind=disabled \
.. &&
ninja
To test the results, issue: meson
configure -Dbuild-tests=true && ninja test.
root ユーザーになって以下を実行します。
ninja install
任意インストールのドキュメントを導入したい場合は、root
ユーザーになって以下を実行します。
cp -rv ../docs -T /usr/share/doc/mesa-23.3.1
コマンド説明
--buildtype=release: This
switch ensures a fully-optimized build, and disables debug
assertions which will severely slow down the libraries in certain
use-cases. Without this switch, build sizes can span into the 2GB
range.
-Dgallium-drivers=auto:
This parameter controls which Gallium3D drivers should be built.
auto selects all Gallium3D drivers
available for x86: r300 (for ATI
Radeon 9000 or Radeon X series), r600
(for AMD/ATI Radeon HD 2000-6000 series), radeonsi (for AMD Radeon HD 7000 or newer AMD GPU
models), nouveau (for Supported NVIDIA
GPUs, they are listed as all 「3D features」 either 「DONE」 or 「N/A」 in the
Nouveau status page), virgl (for
QEMU virtual GPU with virglrender
support; note that BLFS qemu-8.2.0 is not built with virglrender), svga (for VMWare virtual GPU), swrast (using CPU for 3D rasterisation; note that
it's much slower than using a modern 3D-capable GPU, so it should
be only used if the GPU is not supported by other drivers),
iris (for Intel GPUs shipped with
Broadwell or newer CPUs), crocus (for
Intel GMA 3000, X3000 series, 4000 series, or X4000 series GPUs
shipped with chipsets, or Intel HD GPUs shipped with pre-Broadwell
CPUs), i915 (for Intel GMA 900, 950,
3100, or 3150 GPUs shipped with chipsets or Atom D/N 4xx/5xx CPUs).
You may replace auto with a
comma-separated list to build only a subset of these drivers if you
precisely know which drivers you need, for example -Dgallium-drivers=radeonsi,iris,swrast.
-Dplatforms=...: This
parameter controls which windowing systems will be supported.
Available linux platforms are x11 and wayland.
-Dvulkan-drivers=auto: This
switch enables support for the Vulkan graphics API. It
automatically builds all graphics drivers that are available for
Vulkan. If you wish to build specific drivers, valid options
include 'amd', 'intel', 'intel_hasvk', and 'swrast'. If you do not
want Vulkan support, change 'auto' to "".
-Dvalgrind=disabled: This
parameter disables the usage of Valgrind during the build process.
Remove this parameter if you have Valgrind installed, and wish to
check for memory leaks.
-Dlibunwind=disabled: This
parameter disables the usage of libunwind.
meson configure
-Dbuild-tests=true: This command will reconfigure
the build to set -Dbuild-tests=true,
but keep the other options specified in the meson setup command unchanged. It
allows ninja test to
build and run unit tests.
-Degl-native-platform="...": This
parameter controls which Embedded Graphics Library support will be
built. Available linux options are auto (default), x11, wayland,
surfaceless, and drm.