Beyond Linux® From Scratch (systemd 版) - Version r12.0-1055+

第12章 システムユーティリティ

dbus-1.14.10

D-Bus の概要

Even though D-Bus was built in LFS, there are some features provided by the package that other BLFS packages need, but their dependencies didn't fit into LFS.

[注記]

注記

LFS や依存パッケージが本ブックに示す最新安定バージョンでなかった場合には、BLFS 開発版においては、パッケージのビルドや処理実行が適切に行われないことがあります。

パッケージ情報

D-Bus の依存パッケージ

Recommended

Xorg ライブラリ (for dbus-launch program)

任意

Systemd-255 (runtime, for registering services launched by D-Bus session daemon as systemd user services); For the tests: D-Bus Python-1.3.2, PyGObject-3.46.0, Valgrind-3.22.0; ドキュメント生成のため: Doxygen-1.9.8, xmlto-0.0.28, Ducktype, Yelp Tools

D-Bus のインストール

以下のコマンドを実行して D-Bus をビルドします。 (configure コマンドに対しては、以下に示すパラメーター以外のものも必要になるかもしれません。 実行する前に ./configure --help を実行して出力内容を確認してください。) 

./configure --prefix=/usr                        \
            --sysconfdir=/etc                    \
            --localstatedir=/var                 \
            --runstatedir=/run                   \
            --enable-user-session                \
            --disable-doxygen-docs               \
            --disable-xml-docs                   \
            --disable-static                     \
            --docdir=/usr/share/doc/dbus-1.14.10  \
            --with-system-socket=/run/dbus/system_bus_socket &&
make

テスト方法については後述を参照ください。

root ユーザーになって以下を実行します。 

make install

If you are using a DESTDIR install, dbus-daemon-launch-helper needs to be fixed afterwards. Issue, as root user: 

chown -v root:messagebus /usr/libexec/dbus-daemon-launch-helper &&
chmod -v      4750       /usr/libexec/dbus-daemon-launch-helper

Many tests are disabled unless both D-Bus Python-1.3.2 and PyGObject-3.46.0 have been installed. They must be run as an unprivileged user from a local session with bus address. To run the standard tests issue make check.

If you want to run the unit regression tests, configure requires additional parameters which expose additional functionality in the binaries that are not intended to be used in a production build of D-Bus. If you would like to run the tests, issue the following commands (for the tests, you don't need to build the docs): 

make distclean                                    &&
PYTHON=python3 ./configure --enable-tests         \
                           --enable-asserts       \
                           --disable-doxygen-docs \
                           --disable-xml-docs     &&
make                                              &&
make check

One test, test-autolaunch, is known to fail. There have also been reports that the tests may fail if running inside a Midnight Commander shell. You may get out-of-memory error messages when running the tests. These are normal and can be safely ignored.

コマンド説明

--disable-doxygen-docs: This switch disables doxygen documentation build and install, if you have doxygen installed. If doxygen is installed, and you wish to build them, remove this parameter.

--disable-xml-docs: This switch disables html documentation build and install, if you have xmlto installed. If xmlto is installed, and you wish to build them, remove this parameter.

--disable-static: このスイッチはスタティックライブラリをインストールしないようにします。

--enable-user-session: This parameter enables per-user DBus sessions with systemd.

--with-system-socket=/run/dbus/system_bus_socket: This parameter specifies the location of the system bus socket.

--enable-tests: Builds extra parts of the code to support all tests. Do not use on a production build.

--enable-embedded-tests: Builds extra parts of the code to support only unit tests. Do not use on a production build.

--enable-asserts: Enables debugging code to run assertions for statements normally assumed to be true. This prevents a warning that '--enable-tests' on its own is only useful for profiling and might not give true results for all tests, but adds its own NOTE that this should not be used in a production build.

D-Bus の設定

設定ファイル

/etc/dbus-1/session.conf, /etc/dbus-1/system.conf, /etc/dbus-1/system.d/*

設定情報

上に示している設定ファイルは編集すべきではありません。 変更が必要な場合は /etc/dbus-1/session-local.conf や /etc/dbus-1/system-local.conf に対して必要な変更を加えます。

If any packages install a D-Bus .service file outside of the standard /usr/share/dbus-1/services directory, that directory should be added to the local session configuration. For instance, /usr/local/share/dbus-1/services can be added by performing the following commands as the root user: 

cat > /etc/dbus-1/session-local.conf << "EOF"
<!DOCTYPE busconfig PUBLIC
 "-//freedesktop//DTD D-BUS Bus Configuration 1.0//EN"
 "http://www.freedesktop.org/standards/dbus/1.0/busconfig.dtd">
<busconfig>

  <!-- Search for .service files in /usr/local -->
  <servicedir>/usr/local/share/dbus-1/services</servicedir>

</busconfig>
EOF

D-Bus Session Daemon

There are many methods you can use to start a session daemon using the dbus-launch command. Review the dbus-launch man page for details about the available parameters and options. Here are some suggestions and examples:

  • Add dbus-launch to the line in the ~/.xinitrc file that starts your graphical desktop environment.

  • If you use gdm or some other display manager that calls the ~/.xsession file, you can add dbus-launch to the line in your ~/.xsession file that starts your graphical desktop environment. The syntax would be similar to the example in the ~/.xinitrc file.

  • The examples shown previously use dbus-launch to specify a program to be run. This has the benefit (when also using the --exit-with-x11 parameter) of stopping the session daemon when the specified program is stopped. You can also start the session daemon in your system or personal startup scripts by adding the following lines: 

    # Start the D-Bus session daemon
eval `dbus-launch`
export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS

    This method will not stop the session daemon when you exit your shell, therefore you should add the following line to your ~/.bash_logout file: 

    # Kill the D-Bus session daemon
kill $DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID

Contents

A list of the installed files, along with their short descriptions can be found at ../../../../lfs/view/systemd/chapter08/dbus.html#contents-dbus.