Beyond Linux® From Scratch (System V 版) - Version r12.0-1055+

第12章 システムユーティリティ

Logrotate-3.21.0

Logrotate の概要

The logrotate package allows automatic rotation, compression, removal, and mailing of log files.

[注記]

注記

LFS や依存パッケージが本ブックに示す最新安定バージョンでなかった場合には、BLFS 開発版においては、パッケージのビルドや処理実行が適切に行われないことがあります。

パッケージ情報

Logrotate の依存パッケージ

必須

popt-1.19

推奨

Fcron-3.2.1 (実行時)

任意

An MTA (実行時)

Logrotate のインストール

以下のコマンドを実行して logrotate をビルドします。 

./configure --prefix=/usr &&
make

To test the results, issue: make test. One test fails because the very old compress is not present and two tests fail if an MTA is not installed.

root ユーザーになって以下を実行します。 

make install

Logrotate の設定

Logrotate needs a configuration file, which must be passed as an argument to the command when executed. Create the file as the root user: 

cat > /etc/logrotate.conf << EOF
# Begin /etc/logrotate.conf

# Rotate log files weekly
weekly

# Don't mail logs to anybody
nomail

# If the log file is empty, it will not be rotated
notifempty

# Number of backups that will be kept
# This will keep the 2 newest backups only
rotate 2

# Create new empty files after rotating old ones
# This will create empty log files, with owner
# set to root, group set to sys, and permissions 664
create 0664 root sys

# Compress the backups with gzip
compress

# No packages own lastlog or wtmp -- rotate them here
/var/log/wtmp {
    monthly
    create 0664 root utmp
    rotate 1
}

/var/log/lastlog {
    monthly
    rotate 1
}

# Some packages drop log rotation info in this directory
# so we include any file in it.
include /etc/logrotate.d

# End /etc/logrotate.conf
EOF

chmod -v 0644 /etc/logrotate.conf

Now create the /etc/logrotate.d directory as the root user: 

mkdir -p /etc/logrotate.d

At this point additional log rotation commands can be entered, typically in the /etc/logrotate.d directory. For example: 

cat > /etc/logrotate.d/sys.log << EOF
/var/log/sys.log {
   # If the log file is larger than 100kb, rotate it
   size   100k
   rotate 5
   weekly
   postrotate
      /bin/killall -HUP syslogd
   endscript
}
EOF

chmod -v 0644 /etc/logrotate.d/sys.log

You can designate multiple files in one entry: 

cat > /etc/logrotate.d/example.log << EOF
file1
file2
file3 {
   ...
   postrotate
    ...
   endscript
}
EOF

chmod -v 0644 /etc/logrotate.d/example.log

You can use in the same line the list of files: file1 file2 file3. See the logrotate man page or https://www.techrepublic.com/article/manage-linux-log-files-with-logrotate/ for more examples.

The command logrotate /etc/logrotate.conf can be run manually, however, the command should be run daily. Other useful commands are logrotate -d /etc/logrotate.conf for debugging purposes and logrotate -f /etc/logrotate.conf forcing the logrotate commands to be run immediately. Combining the previous options -df, you can debug the effect of the force command. When debugging, the commands are only simulated and are not actually run. As a result, errors about files not existing will eventually appear because the files are not actually created.

To run the logrotate command daily, if you've installed Fcron-3.2.1 and completed the section on periodic jobs, execute the following commands, as the root user, to create a daily cron job: 

cat > /etc/cron.daily/logrotate.sh << "EOF" &&
#!/bin/bash
/usr/sbin/logrotate /etc/logrotate.conf
EOF
chmod 754 /etc/cron.daily/logrotate.sh

パッケージ構成

インストールプログラム: logrotate
インストールライブラリ: なし
インストールディレクトリ: なし

概略説明

logrotate

performs the log maintenance functions defined in the configuration files